Introductory And General Massage

INTRODUCTORY MASSAGE.
In many affections it is necessary to commence the operation of massage with what has been termed introductory treatment. In the majority of cases of both acute and chronic affections of the joints it is well to apply the treatment to the neighborhood of the part, and especially above it. This is essential if the skin is abraded or if a severe inflammation of the part exists. The treatment consists of centripetal strokings (with one or both hands) in connection with a few kneadings. Special attention should be paid to the inside parts of the extremities where the principal veins and lymphatics pass. If possible and convenient, always try to get the aid of gravity by elevation. By this treatment we prepare the venous and lymphatic systems to absorb the diseased particles subsequently expelled from the affected part.

If for instance we have a case of synovitis of the knee-joint we commence by stroking the inside part of the thigh, slightly elevating the lower part of the extremity so as to get the aid of gravity. The introductory massage in treating circulatory and nervous affections of the head consists of Hoeffinger's method of massage of the neck so as to procure a free outlet for the venous blood from the head. In the treatment of hemorrhoids by massage we should always commence by treating the liver, thereby procuring an outlet for the congested blood of the abdomen. When taken in time massage is really a specific in the treatment of hemorrhoids. This is mentioned only to emphasize the importance of the introductory massage in all manual treatment. The success of massage used in joint affections will often depend upon how well and how judiciously the introductory treatment is applied.

GENERAL MASSAGE.
By general massage we mean the treatment applied to the whole body, with the exception of the head. The operator begins with the foot, stroking with -one hand or kneading with the thumbs. Then he proceeds with the legs, the arms, the chest, the abdomen, and finally the back. All the manipulations may be used, and special attention should be given to the hacking. Some authors advise to first take the extremities, then the back, and finally the neck and abdomen (Kleen and others).

With this treatment we generally combine a few passive rotations or flexions, similar to those recommended for anemia. The patient must be lying in bed, well covered on those parts not operated upon. It is of advantage for the operator to begin with the left foot and leg, and then have the patient turn over to the other side of the bed, where the balance of the treatment may be conveniently performed. In regard to the time necessary to spend in giving general massage, I would advise the operator to begin with thirty minutes, and gradually increase the time so that one hour is consumed at the end of the first week. The length and the severity of the treatment should always be regulated by the patient's condition. General massage should not be employed until two hours have elapsed after meals. As soon as a part is operated upon it should be covered up at once.